The main chemical composition of laterite ore was determined using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES, ICAP7400 Radial, ThermoFisher Scientific, USA), as listed in Table 1.The contents of nickel and iron were 1.48 wt% and 37.28 wt%, respectively.
Global nickel reserves in 2018 reached up to 89 million tonnes, of which about 21 million tonnes or 23.59% originated from nickel laterite deposits in Indonesia [4]. Nickel laterite deposits in ...
For the leaching solution of limonite ore, reactive nickel laterite ores with high-magnesia could be utilized as neutralizer to compensate the acid cost, and the iron in the liquor could be precipitated as jarosite. In HPAL case it has been well known as the BHP-Billiton enhanced HPAL (EPAL) process, which has been operated at …
The two main processing methods for laterite ores are smelting and High-Pressure Acid Leaching (HPAL). Smelting is used primarily on saprolite ores to obtain an iron-nickel alloy (ferronickel – FeNi, Nickel Pig Iron – NPI) while HPAL is used primarily to process limonite or for higher-purity end products.
The first part of the experiment was the reduction of nickel laterite ore using natural gas; the reduction yielded mostly nickel metal and a small amount of iron forming fine nickel–iron particles.
Tectonic emplacement of variably serpentinized ultramafic host rock on land and subsequent chemical weathering under humid tropical to subtropical conditions results in the formation of nickel …
In this study, the laterite nickel ore was treated by basic hydrothermal method, and the product was dissolved directly in the form of sodium silicate. Pure SiO2 was obtained by carbonizing sodium silicate solution. The effects of various conditions on silicon extraction rate were studied by single factor experiment. The optimum conditions …
Co in a laterite deposit. The Nickel Mountain deposit in Riddle, Oregon is a hydrous Mg-silicate type Ni laterite, as are the deposits in New Caledonia, California, and North Carolina. Murrin Murrin, in Western Australia, is a classic clay ore Ni-Co laterite deposit. The Cawse deposit in Australia, as well
Laterite is a soil type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop by intensive and prolonged weathering of the underlying parent rock, usually when there are conditions of high temperatures and …
with metal oxides (oxides of iron, nickel, and cobalt) to form metal chlorides. ... the International Laterite Nickel Symposium-2004, Charlotte, NC, USA, 14–18 March 2004; ...
The second principle of ferronickel smelting is that laterite ores cannot be smelted to nickel metal alone, i.e., separately from iron. This is because (1) garnierite concentrates always contain 5–10 times more Fe than Ni and (2) oxygen is only slightly more strongly bonded to Fe than to Ni—i.e., FeO in calcined concentrate is almost as easy to reduce as NiO.
Laterite (from the Latin word later, meaning "brick" or "tile") is a surface formation that is enriched in iron and aluminum. Found mainly in hot, ... A very iron-rich nickel limonite or nickel oxide ore at the surface contains one to two percent Ni bound in goethite. It is highly enriched due to very strong leaching of magnesium and silica.
The two main processing methods for laterite ores are smelting and High-Pressure Acid Leaching (HPAL). Smelting is used primarily on saprolite ores to obtain …
@article{Shen2024WasteTT, title={Waste to treasure: A sustainable technic to prepare high-performance lithium iron phosphate from laterite nickel tailings}, author={Zhi-Zhong Shen and Rui-Xiang Wang and Hong-Yan Yuan and Yong Guo and Dan Xiao and Yan Meng}, journal={Separation and Purification Technology}, year={2024}, …
Laterite nickel ore is rich in nickel and iron resources, and the nickel element is extracted in the form of nickel salt. However, the acid-leaching tailings of laterite nickel ore (LTLNO), which contain valuable iron resources, have not been cost-effectively recovered.
A kind of leaching residue generated during high pressure acid leaching of laterite nickel ore is creatively prepared as blast furnace charge for ironmaking. Results show that the briquettes with uniform shape, compressive strength higher than 72.3 N/pellet, and cracking temperature over 400 °C can be obtained by the non-binder briquetting with water …
Based on a brief introduction of properties of metallic nickel, it summarizes the applications of nickel, demand of nickel, resources of nickel, and metallurgical …
Learn about the nickel laterite metallurgy technology, which uses nickel laterite as raw material to produce metallic nickel or other products. Compare different …
The leaching behavior of nickel and iron in limonite-type laterite nickel ore was studied through ammonium hydrogen sulfate atmospheric leaching. The leaching temperature, ammonium bisulfate concentration, reaction time, and acid excess rate during the nickel dissolution process were optimized using the response surface methodology …
Laterite ores occur as surface deposits and are traditionally separated into two main types: limonites (lower nickel, high iron) and saprolites (higher nickel, low …
The sulfation roasting leaching process has been investigated as an alternative method for recovering nickel and cobalt from laterite ore. This process involves converting the nickel and cobalt in the ore into sulfates, which can then be dissolved through water leaching, while the iron remains as an insoluble oxide. However, the …
Historically, Indonesia's nickel strategy focused on the supply chain of steel production and hence on the construction of smelters to produce Class 2 nickel (e.g., ferronickel/nickel pig iron). According to the Mineral and Coal Mining Law of 2009, mining companies are obliged to process mining minerals in Indonesia (Article 130) and from ...
And finally, there are the ESG concerns. In a general sense, nickel laterite operations are more energy and CO2 intensive when compared to sulfide projects. In a 2009 study, Dr. Gavin Mudd determined that major laterite operations require 2.5 to 6 times more energy per tonne of nickel produced when compared to sulfides.
Most of the world's terrestrial nickel resources are hosted in nickel laterites, the products of intense weathering of ultramafic rocks at the surface of the earth in humid climatic …
As shown in Fig. 2, the nickel grade in concentrate, as well as nickel and iron recovery, increases with the increase of temperature reduction.The reduction rate of lateritic nickel ore improves with the increase of temperature reduction, both for limonite and saprolite. The nickel grade in saprolite's concentrate is higher than limonite due to …
Laterite ore is a valuable resource due to its high content of metals essential for modern technology, including nickel, iron, and cobalt. However, extracting nickel from laterite ores is challenging due to their complex mineral composition and low nickel concentrations. This study examined the leaching behavior of pre-roasted laterite ore …
Many factors affect the formation of nickel laterites, including the original rock the soil develops from, the climate, the rate in which weathering …
The laterite nickel ore at Goro is composed of two layers–limonite and saprolite–between a cover of leached material and the bedrock below. The 10-20-m-thick cover has its own two layers: brittle iron oxide crust covers a high-hematite zone.
Low-grade saprolite nickel laterite, characterized by complicated minerals composition and fine-grained and complex dissemination, was commonly treated with a low recovery efficiency of Ni and Fe by conventional methods. Hence, an improved direct reduction and magnetic separation process was proposed. Meanwhile, the mechanisms …
2.1 Materials and Chemicals. The laterite ore used in the current study was obtained from North Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The atomic composition of as-received laterite ore by emission dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis is tabulated in Table 1.It can be seen that the initial grade of nickel and iron was 1.59%wt …
Laterite ores occur as surface deposits and are traditionally separated into two main types: limonites (lower nickel, high iron) and saprolites (higher nickel, low iron). Limonites typically have cobalt as an additional value component, while saprolite is treated for its nickel value only.
The process of deep reduction and magnetic separation was proposed to enrich nickel and iron from laterite nickel ores. Results show that nickel–iron concentrates with nickel grade of 6.96% ...
The ionic radius of divalent nickel is close to that of divalent iron and magnesium, allowing the three elements to substitute for one another in the crystal lattices of some silicates and oxides. ... Ni-Co Laterite Deposits of the World-Database and Grade and Tonnage Models Open-File Report 2011-1058; Nickel - Makes Stainless Steel Strong Fact ...