Copper is a metal that is widely used in different applications mainly due to its thermal and electrical conductivities, together with its corrosion resistance, particularly when it is alloyed. This chapter intends to be a summary of the copper metallurgy: from the historical aspects and mineral deposits or statistics to the different technologies used to …
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkish-orange color. Copper is used as a conductor of heat and electricity and as a building material.
Pulsating high-gradient magnetic separation (PHGMS) of fine hematite from tailings was studied using a pilot PHGMS separator to investigate the possibility of its …
Request PDF | Concentration of high-sulfur copper ore using a three-product magnetic flotation column | A tower-like magnetic system comprising eight permanent magnets was installed at the center ...
In this work, a refined copper ore from Zhongtiaoshan (China) was selected as raw OC material. In order to improve the crushing strength and eliminate inherent sulfur of the ore (the original copper oxide ores with a low copper content usually undergo the sulfidation reaction before the flotation process), it was calcined at 500 °C for 5 h and …
After a series of mining and dressing processes, copper (23% grade), low-sulfur (grade 35%), and high-sulfur (grade 45%) concentrates were nally obtained. The one tonne raw ore of the mining enterprise could produce 0.03 tonne cop-per concentrate, 0.14 tonne high sulfur concentrate, 0.02 tonne low sulfur concentrate, and 0.845 tonne tailings …
This paper provides an overview of hydrometallurgical copper extraction studies in which liquid extraction technology has been used with four copper deposits of different compositions. The sulfuric …
Geochemical studies conducted by XRD and XRF analyses show that chalcopyrite and pyrite were the major sulfide minerals in the feed ore. The copper and sulfur grades of the feed ore were 0.35% Cu and 2.0% S, respectively. Quartz and other silicate minerals were the principal non-sulfide gangue minerals in the feed ore. (2)
High-pressure acid leach (HPAL) residue from laterite nickel ore is a potentially valuable resource for ironmaking; however, its efficient utilization is hindered by its high sulfur content. In this study, an effective and straightforward method is proposed for sulfur removal from HPAL residue. The process involves sieving and sodium …
High Oxygen Demand The presence of copper sulphides in the ore reacting with cyanide requires oxygen similar to gold, according to Elsners equation. If the ore has 7 ppm Au and 460 ppm copper then it is not hard to see the effect on the oxygen demand. Oxygen sparging will assist, however
Several investigations were developed evaluating the effects of pretreatment, mainly in the extraction of copper from chalcopyrite in chloride media. This study …
1. Introduction. The copper mine industry is facing with the need to process low-grade ores using low-cost technologies to meet global demand unceasingly (Faramarzi et al., 2020).As an economical and environmental friendly method, bioleaching has been exploited to liberate metals, such as copper, iron and nickel, from low-grade ores in …
The flotation test results of actual copper sulfide ore showed that pre-magnetized butyl xanthate could increase the copper recovery of copper concentrate by 3.06 percentage points and the sulfur recovery of sulfur concentrate by nearly 3 percentage points, and effectively reduce the mutual content of copper and sulfur …
Key words: Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite ores, Three-product magnetic flotation column, Cyclonic flotation, Copper/ copper ores, Flotation Minerals & Metallurgical Processing, …
The ore sample contained 0.64% Cu (Table 1) as determined by atomic absorption analysis following acid-digestion of a blended sample (Taylor and Reisman, 2000).Copper occurred as brochantite Cu 4 SO 4 (OH) 6 and as malachite Cu 2 CO 3 (OH) 2 as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Although XRD detected no other copper …
Copper (Cu) is an essential mineral nutrient for the proper growth and development of plants; it is involved in myriad morphological, physiological, and biochemical processes. Copper acts as a cofactor in various enzymes and performs essential roles in photosynthesis, respiration and the electron transport chain, and is a structural …
Section snippets Preparation of oxygen carrier. In this work, a refined copper ore from Zhongtiaoshan (China) was selected as raw OC material. In order to improve the crushing strength and eliminate inherent sulfur of the ore (the original copper oxide ores with a low copper content usually undergo the sulfidation reaction before the …
2.1 Materials and reagents. All the reagents used in the experiment, such as sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4), nitric acid (HNO 3), copper sulfate (CuSO 4), sodium thiosulfate (Na 2 S 2 SO 3), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), were analytically pure, and the water used in the whole experiment was deionized water with the electrical resistivity of 18.5 …
As the S 2 O 3 2− concentration continues to increase (0.2 → 0.3 mol/L), the excess S 2 O 3 2− is oxidized into high-valence oxysulfide anions (S 4 O 6 2−, S 3 O 6 2− and SO 4 2−), which then combine with copper ions (Cu + and Cu 2+) in the pregnant solution to form a sulfur-containing passivation film, depositing on the surface of ...
The symbol and name for copper are from the Latin cuprum, which literally means "from the island of Cyprus", an early source of copper ore. Before 1982 U.S. pennies were pure copper. Now they are mostly zinc with a thin shell of copper. Most copper that is mined today is refined and drawn into wire for use in the electrical industries.
Learn how copper is extracted from sulfide ores by reduction with silicon dioxide and air or oxygen. Explore the redox processes and the role of sulfide ions as …
High Oxygen Demand The presence of copper sulphides in the ore reacting with cyanide requires oxygen similar to gold, according to Elsners equation. If the ore has 7 ppm Au …
The sulfuric acid consumption rate and copper extraction efficiency, which are dependent on the initial content and forms of calcium compounds and other impurities in ore samples, were calculated, and …
This study examines the potential for use of biogenic sulphuric acid for leaching of a low-grade Brazilian ore containing 0.64% copper occurring as brochantite, …
Sulfide ores are generally processed using pyrometallurgy, the extraction and purification of metals by processes involving the application of heat. This process uses a series of physical steps and high temperatures to extract and purify copper from copper sulfide ores, in four basic steps: …
Copper ore must be extracted using either open-pit or subterranean techniques. ... Concentration of Ores. In the ore-dressing plant, mined material is crushed in multiple stages and finely milled to release copper minerals from waste material, called gangue. ... due to its high sulfur dioxide content, is ideally suited for the manufacturing …
With higher solid phase content in the suspension, there was an insufficient hydrogen peroxide concentration and copper extraction decreased. To achieve high leaching efficiency for copper, a solid/liquid ratio of 1:100 was selected as the most suitable ratio, and changes to other test conditions maintained the solid/liquid ratio at 1:100.
A tower-like magnetic system comprising eight permanent magnets was installed at the center of a flotation column to separate chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite minerals. A cyclonic flotation was installed within the underpart of the column to separate the pyrrhotite from the gangues. A three-product magnetic flotation column was …
The raw gold grade of a mine in Shandong is 1.42 g/t, and it is accompanied by copper and sulfur minerals, and the embedding is closely related, so it is difficult to obtain the ideal index using ...
This study examines the potential for use of biogenic sulphuric acid for leaching of a low-grade Brazilian ore containing 0.64% copper occurring as brochantite, Cu 4 SO 4 (OH) 6, and as malachite, Cu 2 CO 3 (OH) 2.Ore was agglomerated with elemental sulphur and sulphur-oxidizing microorganisms.Copper extraction was more efficient …
Fewer data are available for Proterozoic rocks, and the sample set is biased to sulfate associated with sediment-hosted ore deposits. Data for Archean sulfate are sparse and mostly limited to barite samples, with δ 34 S values rarely in excess of 10 per mil (Ohmoto, 1986; Krouse et al., 1990).An extended discussion of the sulfur isotope age curve and …